abstract：:Proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have been used to study the response of the rat liver in situ to bromobenzene, a classic hepatotoxicant. A localized region of high proton signal intensity was seen in the perihilar region of the liver 24 hr after injection of a subl...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Locke SJ,Brauer M

更新日期：1991-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:For highly water soluble and reactive gases, such as formaldehyde, the reported distribution of nasal lesions in rats and rhesus monkeys following inhalation exposure may be attributable, at least in part, to regional gas uptake patterns that are a consequence of nasal airflow characteristics. Inspiratory nasal airflo...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Morgan KT,Kimbell JS,Monticello TM,Patra AL,Fleishman A

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium uptake in cells occurs through specific membrane channels. Since cadmium and mercury inhibit calcium uptake, this study examined whether the calcium channels may also be involved in the uptake of these metals. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were incubated with 3 microM CdCl2 or HgCl2 in the absence or pre...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Blazka ME,Shaikh ZA

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of brain tissue preparation to generate superoxide from xenobiotic interactions has been investigated. We showed that a significant superoxide production occurred with different molecules known to undergo a single electron reductive pathway of metabolism, both in a homogenate derived from neuronal and glia...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ghersi-Egea JF,Livertoux MH,Minn A,Perrin R,Siest G

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The direct-acting mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), a tumorigenic environmental pollutant and model nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, was studied in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Previous reports indicated that 1-NP, a potent direct-acting mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium, was mutagenic in CHO cells only...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Thornton-Manning JR,Smith BA,Beland FA,Heflich RH

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Methylindole (3-MI) is a pneumotoxic metabolite of L-tryptophan that can form in the digestive tracts of humans and ruminants as a result of microbial protein metabolism. Alternatively, human lungs can be directly exposed to 3-MI formed during protein pyrolysis and inhalation of tobacco smoke. 3-MI has been shown to...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Updyke LW,Yoon HL,Kiorpes AL,Robinson JP,Pfeifer RW,Marcus CB

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 24-hr oral pretreatment of rats with 1.6 g/kg acetaminophen potentiated hepatotoxicity of allyl alcohol, bromobenzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and thioacetamide, as assessed by elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase activity and histopathological examination. Doses, of these hepatotoxicants,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wright PB,Moore L

更新日期：1991-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Carcinogenic chromium (VI) compounds are persistent environmental contaminants with potential for human exposure through drinking water. One lesion associated with chromium (VI) exposure is the formation of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC). In an attempt to develop markers of chromium exposure, the formation of DPC in lym...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Coogan TP,Motz J,Snyder CA,Squibb KS,Costa M

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of alkyl epoxides was compared for their guinea pig sensitization capacity and reactivities towards a protein-surrogate substrate, n-butylamine. Instead of the previously reported use of a titration method for determination of alkylation rate, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1H NMR) was used. T...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Betso JE,Carreon RE,Miner VM

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution and exact cellular localization of mercury in the brain and upper cervical spinal cord of the adult male Wistar rat has been determined using the autometallographic silver-enhancement technique. A detailed atlas of mercury-containing nuclei following oral administration of HgCl2 (20 mg x liter-1 or CH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Møller-Madsen B,Danscher G

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oral administration of dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), a major metabolite of inorganic arsenics, induces DNA damage in the mouse and rat lung due to both active oxygens and dimethylarsenic peroxyl radical produced in the metabolism of DMAA. Our paper describes the cellular response to DMAA in the mouse lung. In male ICR ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yamanaka K,Hasegawa A,Sawamura R,Okada S

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bropirimine is an immunomodulator with experimental antiviral and antitumor activities. This pyrimidinone has been found to be embryolethal at doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) that produce only transient maternal toxicity, when administered to pregnant Upj:TUC(SD)spf rats on specific days of gestation. Serum analyses carried...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Black DL,Marks TA,Branstetter DG,Kirton KT

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has shown that chlordecone (CD)-amplified CCl4 hepatotoxicity and lethality can be mitigated by pretreatment with cyanidanol. These studies also revealed that stimulated hepatocellular regeneration might play an important role in the cyanidanol protection of CD-amplified CCl4 toxicity. The present studie...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Soni MG,Mehendale HM

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential induction of hepatic cytochromes P450 by 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PENCB) has been observed in the rat and the guinea pig: (1) in rat and guinea pig, treatment with the chosen dose levels resulted in significant induction of total, carbon monoxide-discernible cytochrome P450 content; the absorption...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Huang S,Gibson GG

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), an environmental oxidant, alters the plasma membrane structure and function of pulmonary artery endothelial cells through peroxidative injury. Because perioxidative injury can activate membrane phospholipases and alter phospholipid composition of membranes, we evaluated the effects of NO2 expos...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sekharam KM,Patel JM,Block ER

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolated rat livers were perfused for 60 min with either 0.3 or 0.5 microgram/ml (initial volume, 119 ml) of [3H]microcystin-LR at a constant flow of 10 ml/min in a recirculating system. During the 60-min exposure, toxin caused stimulation of glycogenolysis, liver engorgement, and cessation of bile flow. Electron micr...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Pace JG,Robinson NA,Miura GA,Matson CF,Geisbert TW,White JD

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:L-Buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BSO), a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, is commonly used as an experimental tool for the specific depletion of glutathione. Since cysteine is a key precursor for glutathione biosynthesis, we investigated the possibility that BSO might also affect the free cysteine p...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Standeven AM,Wetterhahn KE

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of lipid peroxidation in the cell death produced by the haloalkene cysteine conjugates S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachlorobutadienyl)-L-cysteine (PCBC), S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), S-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (TFEC), and S-(2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (CTFC) was investigated using ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Groves CE,Lock EA,Schnellmann RG

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) administration (600 mg/kg, po) results in proximal tubular necrosis in 18-hr fasted, 3-month-old male CD-1 mice. This study was undertaken to determine if deacetylation of APAP to p-aminophenol (PAP) is a prerequisite to nephrotoxicity in the mouse, as it is in the Fischer rat. Administration of e...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Emeigh Hart SG,Beierschmitt WP,Bartolone JB,Wyand DS,Khairallah EA,Cohen SD

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is teratogenic in mice, inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis at doses which are not overtly maternally toxic or embryotoxic. After TCDD exposure the palatal shelves of normal size come into contact, but fail to fuse due to altered differentiation of the medial epithelial ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Abbott BD,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The benzofurane derivative benzbromarone (BBR) previously has led to liver tumor formation after long-term treatment of rats, but no indications of genotoxicity were detected. The present studies were designed to elucidate the mechanism(s) possibly involved in liver tumor formation by BBR. Female Wistar rats were used...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Parzefall W,Schuppler J,Barthel G,Meyer-Rogge B,Schulte-Hermann R

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 52 monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were dosed orally with vehicle or 1.5 mg/kg/day of lead on one of four dosing regimens (13 monkeys/group): Group 1, vehicle only; Group 2, dosed with lead from birth onward; Group 3, dosed with lead from birth to 400 days of age and vehicle thereafter; Group 4, dosed with ve...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Rice DC

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A single, intravenous administration of a low dose of monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP), a derivative of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline (MCT), induces progressive pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in rats. The temporal relationship between morphologic alterations, biochemical markers ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Reindel JF,Ganey PE,Wagner JG,Slocombe RF,Roth RA

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of opiates on ATP and acetylcholine (ACh) release from cholinergic nerve terminals isolated from the electric organ of Torpedo marmorata. The release of ATP was inhibited by morphine and this action was reversed by naloxone. Morphine, [D-Met2-Pro5]enkephalinamide and [D-Ala2-Leu5]enkephalin...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Saltó C,Calvet R,Guitart X,Solsona C,Marsal J

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ah receptor was identified and characterized in cytosol and nuclear extracts from the rainbow trout hepatoma cell line RTH-149. The cytosolic receptor was detectable with both halogenated ([3H]2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)) and non-halogenated ([3H]3-methylcholanthrene and [3H]benzo[a]pyrene) aromatic hyd...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lorenzen A,Okey AB

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead (Pb) depresses growth in infants and young children. Our earlier studies using a weanling rat model of Pb exposure suggest that this Pb effect is due to depression of appetite. In the present study we examined whether this depression of appetite is consistent with a down-regulation of the appetite "set point" as ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Hammond PB,Minnema DJ,Shulka R

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) suppresses immune function in mice via an inhibition of lymphocyte activation was examined in these studies. Daily exposure of B6C3F1 mice to DMBA (cumulative doses of 1.4 to 140 mg/kg) via the oral route for 14 days was found to inhibit phytohemagglutinin (PH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Burchiel SW,Davis DA,Gomez MP,Montano RM,Barton SL,Seamer LC

更新日期：1990-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were given an ip injection of T-2 mycotoxin (T-2), the T-2 metabolite, T-2 tetraol (tetraol), or cycloheximide. Serum, liver, heart, kidney, spleen, muscle, and intestine were collected at 3, 6, and 9 hr postinjection after a 2-hr pulse at each time with [14C]leucine and [3H]thymidine. Protein and DNA synthesis l...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Thompson WL,Wannemacher RW Jr

更新日期：1990-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of high protein dietary regimens prior to the administration of inorganic mercury were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pair-fed on purified test diets containing either normal (20%) or high (60%) concentrations of protein. Mercury was administered as a single intravenous injection of mercuric c...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Andrews PM,Chung EM

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are conflicting reports in the literature regarding the role of the Ah locus in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) immunotoxicity. The present studies have utilized two congenic strains of C57Bl/6 mice that differ only at this locus to assess its influence on TCDD-induced suppression of antibody response...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kerkvliet NI,Steppan LB,Brauner JA,Deyo JA,Henderson MC,Tomar RS,Buhler DR

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxicant known to alter auditory function. The present study was designed to compare TMT-induced auditory dysfunction using behavioral, electrophysiological, and anatomical techniques. Adult male Long-Evans hooded rats (n = 9-12/group) were acutely exposed to saline, 3, 5, or 7 mg/kg TMT. ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Crofton KM,Dean KF,Ménache MG,Janssen R

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colchicine-specific antibody (IgG(C] was tested in mice for reversal of colchicine toxicity. The mouse model was chosen because it reflects human pathophysiology in colchicine poisoning. IgG(C) was administered when at least 85% of colchicine was distributed in tissues. It resulted in a dramatic decrease in lethality ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Terrien N,Urtizberea M,Scherrmann JM

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethylnitrosourea (ENU) is a proven animal teratogen, although the mechanism of its developmental toxicity is unknown. The micromass rat embryo midbrain (CNS) and limb bud (LB) cultures were used in an effort to determine potential mechanisms by which ENU may exert its teratogenic effect. When cultured at high cell den...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ribeiro PL,Faustman EM

更新日期：1990-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two lines of evidence support the concept that cardiotoxin from Naja naja siamensis interacts directly with the plasma membrane to produce selective cytolysis of lymphocytes. Toxin adsorbed to the wells of microtiter plates retained the ability to lyse murine T-lymphocytes, but lost the ability to destroy natural kill...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Hinman CL,Jiang XL,Tang HP

更新日期：1990-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of tumors in relationship to 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) dose and time on study has been evaluated in an experiment conducted by the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) using more than 24,000 female BALB/c mice. By using a biologically based model of two-event carcinogenesis accounting ex...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Cohen SM,Ellwein LB

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to determine whether an optimized in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis assay for identification of strong contact sensitizers would also detect sensitization to the weaker, clinically relevant allergen nickel sulfate (NiSO4). Though NiSO4 is effective in eliciting allergic skin reactions in patien...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Robinson MK,Sneller DL

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acaricide chlordimeform has been reported to have adverse effects in mammals that may be mediated by an interaction with alpha-adrenergic receptors. Since the hormonal signals involved in the regulation of reproductive function are themselves under hypothalamic adrenergic control, the present study was designed to...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Goldman JM,Cooper RL,Laws SC,Rehnberg GL,Edwards TL,McElroy WK,Hein JF

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The M2 subtype of muscarinic receptor is predominant in heart, and such receptors were reported to be located in muscles as well as in presynaptic cholinergic and adrenergic nerve terminals. Muscarinic receptors of rat heart were identified by the high affinity binding of the agonist (+)-[3H]cis-methyldioxolane ([3H]C...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Silveira CL,Eldefrawi AT,Eldefrawi ME

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxic cardiovascular effects of allylamine and beta-aminopropionitrile were studied in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats given allylamine alone (AA), 100 mg/kg/day, beta-aminopropionitrile alone (beta APN), 1 g/kg/day, or both chemicals (AA + beta APN) by gavage. Rats were given a total of 10 doses in 11 days. Rats given...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kumar D,Hysmith RM,Boor PJ

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,5-Hexanedione (HD) produces a neurofilamentous axonpathy in humans and experimental animals. The present study was carried out to determine the time course of the effects of HD on muscle spindle position sensitivity to permit comparisons with similar effects of other toxicants which produce a neurofilamentous axonop...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： de Rojas TC,Goldstein BD

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00